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Notes/Russian/Speaking: Paper 3, the stimulus card and the interaction mark
Notes · RussianUK · A-Levels

Speaking: Paper 3, the stimulus card and the interaction mark

This topic prepares Paper 3, the speaking examination: 72 marks, 30 per cent of the qualification, conducted in the centre by a teacher-examiner during a prescribed five-week window in April and May, recorded in full and submitted to Pearson through the online Learner Work Transfer portal. The total assessment time is 21 to 23 minutes — 5 minutes of supervised preparation followed by 16 to 18 minutes of speaking. Task 1, a discussion on a theme built from a stimulus card, is worth 30 marks over a recommended 6 to 7 minutes and is marked by three grids: knowledge and understanding of society and culture (AO4) out of 12, accuracy and range of language (AO3) out of 12, and interaction (AO1) out of 6. Task 2, the independent research project, is worth 42 marks and has its own topic. The notes cover the mechanics that catch candidates out — that an invigilator rather than the teacher-examiner offers the choice of sub-themes, from a Pearson sequencing grid, using the grid's English wording — the map of the twelve stimulus cards, what to write in the five minutes and what not to, the Russian that earns the interaction mark, and how to sustain seven minutes of real discussion.

5 sections·~33 min reading time·4 competencies·Level Standard 2 · Advanced 3

T·101010 / 13
Exam profile
AO1 · Understand and respond in speech to spoken Russian, interacting effectively and taking the leadAO2 · Respond in speech to written Russian sources, including the stimulus card statementsAO3 · Manipulate Russian accurately and with range in unrehearsed spoken discussionAO4 · Show knowledge and understanding of, and respond critically to, the culture and society of the Russian-speaking world
Operators:высказатьсяобосноватьсравнитьуточнитьвозразитьспроситьзаключить

basic level

At first-year standard the expectation is a sustained, comprehensible discussion: choosing a statement and giving a clear view with reasons, answering the two printed questions fully, offering examples, and asking the examiner at least one genuine question, with reliable present and past tenses and correct case after the commonest prepositions.

higher level

The full A-Level expects the candidate to lead. That means reframing a statement rather than merely agreeing with it, conceding before disagreeing, supplying named and dated evidence unprompted, moving between description, explanation and evaluation within a single turn, deploying complex language because the meaning requires it, and eliciting and checking the examiner's views naturally rather than in a block at the end.

Depth

Reading depth: In depth

Text

Text size: Standard

Contents · 5 sections▾
  1. Speaking: Paper 3, the stimulus card and the interaction mark
    • 01Как устроен экзамен: the mechanics almost nobody reads◐
    • 02Двенадцать карточек: the complete map of what can come up◐
    • 03Пять минут: what to write on the side of A4, and what not to●
    • 04Взаимодействие: the six marks you cannot earn by answering well●
    • 05Exam technique: sustaining seven minutes without a script●
§ 01

Как устроен экзамен: the mechanics almost nobody reads#

●●○StandardLPPearson Edexcel 9RU0 Paper 3 - 72 marks, 30 per cent, 21 to 23 minutes including 5 minutes' preparationLPPearson Edexcel 9RU0 Paper 3 - allocation of stimulus cards; roles of the teacher-examiner and invigilator

Key points

The procedural detail of Paper 3 is set out at length in the specification and is worth knowing exactly, because several parts of it are counter-intuitive. The examination is conducted by a teacher-examiner in your own centre, inside a five-week window in April and May, and the complete unedited recording goes to Pearson. But the teacher-examiner does not give you the card. An invigilator does, working from a sequencing grid supplied by Pearson which fixes the order in which cards are issued; neither the invigilator nor the teacher-examiner chooses. The invigilator offers you a choice in English between two sub-themes — the specification's own example is a choice between the lives of young Russians and 1991 — and the two always come from two different themes. Only after you have chosen do you see the card.
The preparation is then five minutes, supervised, outside the examination room, beginning immediately after you receive the card. You may make notes on up to one side of A4 and may refer to them during the assessment; you may not write on the card itself; and the specification states that the notes are for reference and that you should not read out whole prepared sentences. You must tell the teacher-examiner which of the card's two statements you have chosen immediately before the discussion begins. Both the notes and the card are returned at the end. Five minutes is short, and knowing exactly what to do with them — which the third section of this topic sets out — is worth several marks on its own.
Task 1 then runs a recommended 6 to 7 minutes in two parts. In Part 1 the teacher-examiner asks the two compulsory questions printed on the card, in the printed order; they may be repeated but not rephrased, which is worth knowing because it means that if you do not understand one you should ask for a repetition rather than hope for a simpler version. Follow-up questions on the statement then develop the discussion. In Part 2 the examiner broadens out to other aspects of the whole theme, using optional generic questions supplied by Pearson as a guide. So the card is a way in, not the boundary: preparing only the sub-theme printed on the card and not the theme around it is a predictable way to run out of things to say at minute four.
The marks are worth studying because they are not distributed as candidates assume. Task 1's thirty marks are knowledge and understanding of society and culture (AO4) out of 12, accuracy and range of language (AO3) out of 12, and interaction (AO1) out of 6. Notice that content and language are weighted equally and that interaction is a fifth of the task on its own — a substantial mark for something that is not knowledge and not grammar but conversational behaviour, and one that a candidate who answers questions politely and never asks any cannot access. Notice too that the timing is enforced: once the maximum time has passed the examiner brings the assessment to a natural end, and nothing said after that point can be credited.
Worked example

Planning the whole 21 to 23 minutes before you walk in

Build a minute-by-minute plan for the entire speaking examination, so that nothing about the shape of the event is a surprise on the day.

  1. 01Before the clock starts — the invigilator's offer

    You will be offered two sub-themes in English, drawn from two different themes, in an order fixed by Pearson. Decide your rule now: take the sub-theme you have the most concrete evidence for, not the one that sounds easiest. A sub-theme you find hard but for which you have three dated facts will produce a better discussion than a comfortable one about which you can only generalise. Making this rule in advance means you are not choosing under pressure.

  2. 02Minutes 0 to 5 — the supervised preparation

    You receive the card and the five minutes begin immediately. Read both statements, choose one, and spend the remaining four minutes building a six-line skeleton on your side of A4. Do not write sentences. The specification warns against reading out prepared sentences and an examiner hears it instantly; more practically, a written sentence anchors you to one formulation and makes you inflexible when the examiner asks something adjacent.

  3. 03Minutes 5 to 12 — Task 1

    Announce your chosen statement in one clean sentence. Part 1 is the two printed questions in order plus follow-up; Part 2 broadens to the theme. Plan the shape rather than the content: concede, reframe, one dated fact, one explanation, one evaluation, one question back — then repeat the cycle. Four moves of roughly thirty seconds each, three or four times, fills the six to seven minutes without any single answer becoming a monologue.

  4. 04Minutes 12 to 23 — Task 2

    Part 1 is your presentation of no more than two minutes summarising at least two written sources and giving a personal response; Part 2 is the discussion of the research as a whole, using your Form RP3 findings as the examiner's starting point. The transition between the tasks is abrupt and it is worth rehearsing: the register does not change, but the burden of leading shifts entirely onto you, because in Task 2 you know the material and the examiner is asking about your work.

  5. 05Throughout — the two things that are always in your control

    First, interaction: two or three genuine questions distributed across the whole assessment, not saved for the end. Second, pace. Candidates speak faster under pressure and accuracy is the first thing to go, and accuracy is worth twelve marks in Task 1 alone. Deliberately slowing by ten per cent buys you the moment needed to get a case ending right, and an examiner never penalises a considered pace.

Result: План: до начала — правило выбора подтемы (та, по которой есть конкретные факты, а не та, что кажется лёгкой); 0–5 минут — выбор утверждения и скелет из шести строк, без готовых предложений; 5–12 минут — Задание 1 циклами по четыре хода (уступка, факт, объяснение, вопрос экзаменатору); 12–23 минуты — Задание 2: двухминутная презентация и обсуждение; всё время — два-три настоящих вопроса собеседнику и сознательно замедленный темп речи.

Exam focus

  • Know the mechanics: an invigilator offers two sub-themes in English from two different themes, and the choice is made before you see the card (AO1).
  • Prepare the whole theme, not the printed sub-theme; Part 2 broadens deliberately (AO4).
  • Treat interaction as a fifth of Task 1 and plan for it, because it cannot be earned by answering well (AO1).

Typical mistakes

  • Expecting the teacher-examiner to hand over the card; the invigilator does, from a fixed Pearson sequence.
  • Failing to announce which of the two statements you have chosen before the discussion starts; the specification requires it.
  • Asking for a compulsory question to be rephrased. It can be repeated but not rephrased, so ask for a repetition.
  • Preparing only the sub-theme on the card and having nothing left when Part 2 opens out to the theme.

Active revision

Составьте по-русски карточку самопроверки перед экзаменом: кто выдаёт стимул, из скольких тем предлагается выбор, сколько минут длится подготовка, что можно и чего нельзя записывать, что нужно сказать экзаменатору перед началом, из скольких частей состоит первое задание и как распределены тридцать баллов. Проверьте себя по спецификации.

Active recall

Recall the key points — then reveal.

Sources: Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Advanced GCE in Russian (9RU0) specification (Pearson Edexcel)

§ 02

Двенадцать карточек: the complete map of what can come up#

●●○StandardLPPearson Edexcel 9RU0 Paper 3 - there is a stimulus card for each sub-theme; 12 cards in total, three per themeLPPearson Edexcel 9RU0 - Themes and sub-themes, pages 8 to 9 of the specification

Четыре темы, двенадцать карточек

Двенадцать стимуловProbability tree, 12 paths, Data: Тема 1: общество → молодёжь; Тема 1: общество → образование; Тема 1: общество → мир труда; Тема 2: культура → СМИ; Тема 2: культура → массовая культура; Тема 2: культура → праздники; Тема 3: город → население; Тема 3: город → общественные проблемы; Тема 3: город → окружающая среда; Тема 4: СССР → перестройка; Тема 4: СССР → гласность; Тема 4: СССР → 1991 годТема 1: обществоТема 2: культураТема 3: городТема 4: СССРчетыре темымолодёжьобразованиемир трудаСМИмассовая культурапраздникинаселениеобщественные проблемыокружающая средаперестройкагласность1991 год
Fig. 1The complete universe of Task 1. There is one stimulus card per sub-theme and the invigilator's two offers always come from two different branches. The marked branch is Тема 2, the only one whose scope is the whole Russian-speaking world rather than Russia alone — a difference that changes what evidence is admissible.

Key points

The specification states plainly that there is a stimulus card for each sub-theme and that there are twelve cards in all, three per theme. That is an unusually generous piece of information, because it means the entire universe of Task 1 topics is knowable in advance and is exactly the twelve sub-themes printed on pages eight and nine. Тема 1 gives Жизнь российской молодёжи, Образование and Мир труда. Тема 2 gives Средства массовой информации, Массовая культура and Праздники, фестивали и традиции. Тема 3 gives Изменение населения, Общественные проблемы and Окружающая среда. Тема 4 gives Перестройка, Гласность and 1991 год. Twelve cards, twelve sub-themes, no surprises.
What you do not control is which two you are offered, because the sequencing grid fixes the order and the two always come from two different themes. So the preparation task is straightforward to state and demanding to complete: for each of the twelve sub-themes, have three dated or named facts, one argument with two sides, and one question you could ask the examiner about it. Thirty-six facts, twelve arguments and twelve questions in total. That is a term's work done in half-hour blocks, and it removes the entire category of being caught out — which, given that the twelve are published, is the least excusable way to lose marks in this qualification.
Not all twelve are equally comfortable, and the imbalance is predictable. Most candidates are strongest on Тема 1 and Тема 2, because young people, education, music and holidays are the material of ordinary language classes. Most are weakest on Тема 4, because it is history and requires dates, and on Тема 3, because it requires a single city studied in detail. Since the invigilator's offer always spans two themes, a candidate who has neglected Темы 3 and 4 will meet one of them roughly half the time. Prepare the weak half first: the marginal return on a fourth fact about Тема 1 is close to zero, while the marginal return on a first fact about Гласность is enormous.
One structural feature of the map is worth exploiting in the room. Тема 2 alone is set in the whole Russian-speaking world, while Темы 1, 3 and 4 are set in Russia only. If your card belongs to Тема 2, comparison across countries is not merely permitted but expected, and saying so demonstrates knowledge of the specification as well as of the content. If your card belongs to one of the other three, a Kazakh or Belarusian example is off-scope and can weaken an otherwise good answer. Knowing which theme your card sits in therefore tells you the geography of the answer before you have said a word.
Worked example

A Task 1 answer on the sub-theme you least wanted

The invigilator offers you a choice in English between popular culture and glasnost. You take glasnost, because you have three dated facts for it. The card's statement reads: «Гласность принесла больше вреда, чем пользы.» Build the opening two minutes.

  1. 01Announce and immediately define the terms of the argument

    Я выбрал утверждение А. Прежде чем согласиться или не согласиться, стоит уточнить, о каком вреде идёт речь: о вреде для государства или для общества — это разные вещи. Прежде чем plus an infinitive is a compound conjunction. Splitting the question into two questions is the move that a difficult sub-theme most rewards, because it converts a value judgement into an analysable one and it buys you a structure for the whole discussion.

  2. 02Deploy the first dated fact as evidence, not as decoration

    Гласность начиналась как разрешение обсуждать недостатки, а не как свобода слова, и после Чернобыля в апреле 1986 года остановить её стало невозможно. This does two jobs at once: it corrects a likely misconception about what гласность was, and it supplies a date. A fact that also corrects something is worth more than a fact that merely adds.

  3. 03Concede the strongest version of the opposing case

    Довод в пользу утверждения понятен: открытая дискуссия о прошлом и о национальных вопросах совпала по времени с распадом союза, и многие в России до сих пор связывают эти два процесса. Совпасть по времени с takes the instrumental. Связывать что-либо с чем-либо takes с plus the instrumental. Attributing the connection to многие в России rather than asserting it is what keeps a sensitive claim safe and analytical at the same time.

  4. 04Give the counter-argument, and mark where the historians disagree

    Но связь во времени — не то же самое, что причина. Одни историки считают, что гласность освободила уже существовавшие движения, другие — что новая публичная сфера сама их во многом сформировала. Единого мнения нет. Naming the disagreement is worth more than choosing a side, and it protects you: an examiner who holds the other view hears a candidate who has read rather than one who has decided.

  5. 05Land a position, then hand the conversation back

    Я бы сказал, что вред и польза здесь несопоставимы: то, что общество узнало о собственном прошлом, отменить уже нельзя, а экономические трудности имели и другие причины. А как вы думаете, можно ли вообще взвешивать такие вещи на одних весах? Несопоставимы is a short-form adjective. Отменить уже нельзя is an impersonal modal. The closing question is genuine rather than formulaic, which is what the interaction grid actually rewards.

Result: Я выбрал утверждение А. Прежде чем согласиться или не согласиться, стоит уточнить, о каком вреде идёт речь: о вреде для государства или для общества — это разные вещи. Гласность начиналась как разрешение обсуждать недостатки, а не как свобода слова, и после Чернобыля в апреле 1986 года остановить её стало невозможно. Довод в пользу утверждения понятен: открытая дискуссия совпала по времени с распадом союза, и многие в России до сих пор связывают эти два процесса. Но связь во времени — не то же самое, что причина. Одни историки считают, что гласность освободила уже существовавшие движения, другие — что новая публичная сфера сама их во многом сформировала; единого мнения нет. Я бы сказал, что вред и польза здесь несопоставимы. А как вы думаете, можно ли вообще взвешивать такие вещи на одних весах?

Exam focus

  • Prepare all twelve sub-themes to a fixed standard: three facts, one two-sided argument, one question each (AO4).
  • Prepare the weak half first; the offer always spans two themes, so the neglected ones arrive about half the time (AO4).
  • Check which theme your card belongs to before you speak; Тема 2 invites comparison across countries and the others do not (AO4).

Typical mistakes

  • Preparing four themes unevenly and hoping the offer is kind; the sequencing grid is fixed and impartial.
  • Bringing a non-Russian example into a card from Темы 1, 3 or 4, where the scope is Russia only.
  • Preparing facts but no arguments; a fact answers the first question and leaves the next four minutes empty.
  • Preparing no questions to ask the examiner, which forfeits access to part of the six-mark interaction grid.

Active revision

Составьте таблицу из двенадцати строк — по одной на каждую подтему. В каждой строке запишите по-русски три факта с датами или именами, один спор с двумя сторонами и один вопрос, который вы могли бы задать экзаменатору. Заполняйте её, начиная с самых слабых для вас подтем, а не с самых любимых.

Active recall

Recall the key points — then reveal.

§ 03

Пять минут: what to write on the side of A4, and what not to#

●●●AdvancedLPPearson Edexcel 9RU0 Paper 3 - 5 minutes' supervised preparation; notes on up to one side of A4; students may not write on the stimulus cardLPPearson Edexcel 9RU0 Paper 3 - notes should be used for reference only; students should not read out whole prepared sentences

Key points

Five minutes is enough to build a structure and not enough to write a speech, and the specification says as much: the notes are for reference and whole prepared sentences should not be read out. There is also a practical reason beyond the rule. A written sentence commits you to one formulation, and the examiner's follow-up will almost never be the question that formulation answers, so the note that felt safest in the corridor becomes the thing that traps you in the room. What survives contact with a real discussion is a skeleton — a shape you can fill in several different ways depending on what is asked.
The skeleton that works has six lines and takes about three minutes to write, leaving a minute at each end for reading the card and for calming down. Line one: which statement you have chosen, in three words. Line two: your concession — the part of the statement you accept. Line three: your reframe — the better question. Lines four and five: two pieces of evidence, each a name, a date or an institution, with nothing written round them. Line six: the question you will ask the examiner. Six lines, perhaps thirty words, and every one of them is a prompt rather than a sentence.
Two additional things are worth putting on the page and nothing else is. The first is any word you know you will need and are likely to lose under pressure: a difficult noun, a verb with an awkward government, a date whose case you want to get right. Write the word alone, not in a phrase. The second is a single reminder of your own most frequent error — свой, вид, падеж after a preposition, whichever it is for you — placed at the top of the sheet where your eye will land on it. That reminder is worth more than a third piece of evidence, because it addresses the twelve-mark accuracy grid rather than the twelve-mark knowledge one, and candidates over-prepare knowledge and under-prepare accuracy.
What must not go on the page: complete sentences, a list of six facts you hope to recite, a translation of the statement, or anything in English. English on the page pulls you into translating rather than speaking, and the seconds lost are exactly the seconds in which the examiner is forming an impression of your fluency. And do not write on the card — the specification forbids it and both the card and the notes are collected at the end. Finally, rehearse the skeleton format itself, not just the content: a shape you have written twenty times can be produced under pressure in three minutes, while a shape you are inventing for the first time will take all five.
Worked example

Building the six-line skeleton from a card, in real time

The card is for the sub-theme Образование and carries two statements. A: «Российская школа даёт слишком узкую подготовку.» B: «ЕГЭ сделал поступление в вуз справедливее.» You have five minutes. Show what goes on the paper.

  1. 01Seconds 0 to 45 — choose, on evidence not on comfort

    Statement A is vague and invites generalisation; statement B is specific, dated and has two genuine sides. Choose B. Write on line one: Б — ЕГЭ справедливее. Three words. The choice criterion is always the same: which statement can you attach a date and a name to? A statement you can evidence beats a statement you find congenial.

  2. 02Seconds 45 to 100 — the concession and the reframe

    Line two: уступка — натаскивание, узкий предмет. Line three: переформулировка — справедливее для кого? Note that both lines are fragments. The concession names what you will accept about the opposing view; the reframe names the better question. Together they are the entire architecture of the first ninety seconds of your answer, and they occupy nine words on the page.

  3. 03Seconds 100 to 170 — two pieces of evidence, bare

    Line four: 2009 — обязателен по всей стране. Line five: олимпиады — второй путь. No sentences, no connectives; you will supply those aloud. A date and an institution are exactly the evidence the AO4 grid asks for, and writing them bare rather than in a phrase keeps you free to deploy them wherever the discussion needs them rather than at the point you originally planned.

  4. 04Seconds 170 to 210 — the question, and the accuracy reminder

    Line six: вопрос — что справедливее: один экзамен или разные? At the top of the sheet, in the margin: ПАДЕЖ ПОСЛЕ ПРЕДЛОГА, or whichever error is genuinely yours. Two more lines and the page is done. Note that the question is written out more fully than anything else, because a question asked clumsily under pressure sounds like a failure of comprehension rather than an act of interaction.

  5. 05Seconds 210 to 300 — say it once, silently, and stop

    Run the shape through your head once: concede, reframe, 2009, олимпиады, question. Do not rehearse wording; rehearse order. Then stop writing. The last ninety seconds are better spent breathing and slowing your intended pace than adding a seventh line, because pace protects the accuracy grid and a seventh line protects nothing. Walk in with six lines and a plan for how fast to speak.

Result: Лист А4 целиком: сверху в углу — «ПАДЕЖ ПОСЛЕ ПРЕДЛОГА». 1. Б — ЕГЭ справедливее. 2. Уступка — натаскивание, узкий предмет. 3. Переформулировка — справедливее для кого? 4. 2009 — обязателен по всей стране. 5. Олимпиады — второй путь. 6. Вопрос — что справедливее: один экзамен или разные? Всего около тридцати слов, ни одного законченного предложения, ни одного слова по-английски.

Exam focus

  • Write a six-line skeleton, not sentences; a written sentence traps you when the follow-up moves (AO1).
  • Put your own most frequent accuracy error at the top of the sheet; it addresses a twelve-mark grid that most candidates neglect (AO3).
  • Rehearse the skeleton format until it can be produced in three minutes; inventing the shape in the room uses all five (AO1).

Typical mistakes

  • Writing full sentences and then reading them; the specification warns against it and the delivery is audible.
  • Writing anything in English, which pulls the whole answer into translation mode.
  • Filling the sheet with facts and leaving no structure, so that the discussion becomes a recitation.
  • Writing on the stimulus card, which is not permitted.

Active revision

Возьмите любую из двенадцати подтем и придумайте к ней два утверждения, как на настоящей карточке. Засеките пять минут и составьте скелет из шести строк: выбранное утверждение, уступка, переформулировка, два доказательства, вопрос экзаменатору. Повторите с другой подтемой на следующий день. Через двенадцать дней у вас будет отработанный формат и полная карта тем.

Active recall

Recall the key points — then reveal.

§ 04

Взаимодействие: the six marks you cannot earn by answering well#

●●●AdvancedLPPearson Edexcel 9RU0 Paper 3 Task 1 - Interaction (AO1), 6 of 30 marksLPPearson Edexcel 9RU0 Paper 3 - students are expected to ask questions that elicit opinions, to confirm that their own points have been understood, and to take the lead

Key points

The specification is explicit about what the interaction grid is looking for, and it is not politeness. Students are expected to ask questions that elicit opinions as part of the natural discourse, to confirm that their own points of view have been understood, and to take the lead in the discussions. Six marks in Task 1 and six more in Task 2 depend on behaviour that a candidate can perform perfectly well in English and simply never thinks to perform in Russian. It is the most reliably recoverable mark in the whole qualification, because unlike knowledge or accuracy it can be secured by rehearsing eight sentences.
The eliciting questions are the first group and should be varied, because three identical А вы как думаете? sound mechanical. Have five and rotate them: А вы как думаете? · А что вы об этом думаете? · Вы согласны с этим? · А как, по-вашему, это выглядит в Британии? · Интересно, а вы бы что выбрали? Note that по-вашему is a single-word in your view and sounds notably more natural than по вашему мнению in speech. Place two or three across the discussion at moments when you have just finished a point, not at the end of the task — a cluster of questions in the final minute reads as a technique deployed rather than a conversation had.
The second group checks understanding, and it does double duty: it earns the mark and it rescues you when you have not understood. Я правильно понимаю, что вы имеете в виду …? · Вы имеете в виду, что …? · Если я вас правильно понял, вопрос в том, …? · То есть речь идёт о …? Each of these is also a legitimate way to buy four seconds and to make the examiner restate a question you missed, which is far better than answering the wrong question fluently. Иметь в виду takes a что clause; речь идёт о takes the prepositional.
The third group takes the lead, which the specification names explicitly and which most candidates never attempt. Можно я приведу пример? · Мне кажется, здесь важнее другое. · Я бы добавил, что … · Позвольте не согласиться. · Тут надо различать два момента. · Вернёмся, если можно, к первому вопросу. Taking the lead means introducing material the examiner did not ask for and directing the discussion towards ground you have prepared, and it is entirely legitimate. Alongside them keep two repair phrases — то есть, точнее …, and вернее сказать … — because a self-correction made aloud in Russian reads as control, whereas an uncorrected error reads as a gap.
Worked example

A scripted ninety seconds showing every interaction move

The sub-theme is Массовая культура and the examiner has just asked whether Russian popular music is well known abroad. Show a ninety-second exchange in which each of the four interaction moves appears once, naturally placed.

  1. 01Move one — check the terms of the question

    Я правильно понимаю, что речь идёт именно о современной музыке, а не о классике? Классику знают везде, а вот с современной сложнее. This is a checking question that is also a genuine clarification, and it immediately shows you thinking about the question rather than reaching for an answer. Речь идёт о takes the prepositional. А вот с современной сложнее uses а вот to introduce a contrast and сложнее as a bare comparative.

  2. 02Move two — take the lead by introducing your own example

    Можно я приведу пример? Русский рэп сегодня слушают далеко за пределами России — прежде всего там, где живут русскоязычные общины. Можно я plus a perfective future is the ordinary Russian for may I. You have now moved the discussion onto ground you prepared, and you have done it by asking permission, which is both polite and, in grid terms, an act of leading.

  3. 03Move three — build the point, and concede

    При этом за пределами русскоязычного мира её почти не слушают, и это понятно: в рэпе всё держится на тексте, а текст не переводится. Так что известность у неё, скорее, внутренняя, чем международная. При этом is a discourse marker; так что introduces a conclusion; скорее … , чем … hedges the judgement. Conceding the limit of your own example is what turns an assertion into an argument.

  4. 04Move four — elicit, with a real question

    А вы как думаете, может ли музыка вообще стать международной, если она держится на словах? Или ей обязательно нужно что-то, что понятно без перевода? Two linked questions, both genuine, both arising from what you have just said. This is what the grid means by eliciting opinions as part of the natural discourse — the question could not have been asked before your point, which proves it is not a prepared insertion.

  5. 05Move five — repair, if needed, and hand back cleanly

    If you notice an error while speaking, repair it aloud: то есть, точнее, не «международной», а «понятной за границей». A repair costs two seconds and reads as control. Then stop and let the examiner speak. The commonest failure at this point is to keep talking through the examiner's turn, which suppresses the very interaction the grid is measuring; leading a discussion includes leaving room in it.

Result: Я правильно понимаю, что речь идёт именно о современной музыке, а не о классике? Классику знают везде, а вот с современной сложнее. Можно я приведу пример? Русский рэп сегодня слушают далеко за пределами России — прежде всего там, где живут русскоязычные общины. При этом за пределами русскоязычного мира её почти не слушают, и это понятно: в рэпе всё держится на тексте, а текст не переводится. Так что известность у неё, скорее, внутренняя, чем международная. А вы как думаете, может ли музыка вообще стать международной, если она держится на словах?

Exam focus

  • Rotate five eliciting questions across the discussion; three identical ones read as a technique rather than a conversation (AO1).
  • Use a checking question when you have not understood; it earns the interaction mark and buys you the restatement (AO1).
  • Take the lead at least twice: introduce an example unprompted and redirect once towards prepared ground (AO1).

Typical mistakes

  • Saving all the questions for the last minute, which reads as a rehearsed manoeuvre rather than interaction.
  • Answering a misheard question fluently instead of asking a checking question; the checking question scores and the wrong answer does not.
  • Never introducing material unprompted, which forfeits the taking-the-lead element the specification names.
  • Leaving an error uncorrected when you have noticed it; a spoken self-correction reads as control.

Active revision

Проведите с партнёром семиминутную дискуссию по любой из двенадцати подтем. Партнёр отмечает каждый раз, когда вы задаёте вопрос, уточняете понимание, берёте инициативу или исправляете себя. Цель — не менее шести таких ходов за семь минут, распределённых равномерно, а не в конце.

Active recall

Recall the key points — then reveal.

§ 05

Exam technique: sustaining seven minutes without a script#

●●●AdvancedLPPearson Edexcel 9RU0 Paper 3 Task 1 - 6 to 7 minutes recommended, in two partsLPPearson Edexcel 9RU0 Paper 3 Task 1 - Accuracy and range of language (AO3), 12 of 30 marks

Key points

Seven minutes is long. A candidate who has prepared answers rather than a method typically runs out of material at around three, and the remaining four minutes are the ones the examiner remembers. The solution is not more content but a cycle: concede, evidence, explain, evaluate, ask. Five moves of roughly thirty seconds each fill two and a half minutes, and the cycle can be run three times on different aspects of the same sub-theme without any repetition, because each run takes a different piece of evidence. Rehearse the cycle, not the answers, and the length of the task stops being a problem.
Fluency in Russian is partly a matter of having the connective tissue ready, and the connectives are cheap to learn and expensive to lack. To open a point: дело в том, что; во-первых; прежде всего. To add: кроме того; причём; к тому же. To contrast: с другой стороны; тем не менее; наоборот; при этом. To exemplify: например; в частности; скажем. To conclude: таким образом; значит; в итоге. To hedge: пожалуй; скорее всего; на мой взгляд; насколько я знаю. Twenty expressions, learned as a block, do more for perceived fluency than two hundred nouns, because they let you keep talking while the next idea assembles.
There is also a legitimate set of moves for buying time, and using them is far better than silence or than filling with English. Хороший вопрос — дайте подумать. · Тут надо различать два момента. · Смотря что понимать под … · Это зависит от того, о чём именно идёт речь. Each buys three to five seconds and each is also a substantive move, because each begins an analysis. Note смотря что, смотря как, смотря где — a very idiomatic Russian construction meaning it depends what — and зависеть от, which takes the genitive. What to avoid is the English filler, the untranslated word, and the long silence, in that order of harm.
Finally, guard the accuracy grid, which is worth as much as the knowledge grid and is the first thing to break under pressure. Three habits protect it. Speak about ten per cent more slowly than feels natural, because the moment gained is exactly the moment in which a case ending is chosen. Prefer a structure you control to one you are attempting: a который clause you can build beats a participle you might misform. And when you hear yourself make an error, repair it aloud in Russian rather than pressing on — то есть, точнее — because a self-correction is evidence of control and an uncorrected error is evidence of a gap. The examiner is recording the whole thing, and what is on the recording is what is marked.
Worked example

Rescuing an answer that has broken down mid-sentence

You are two minutes into Task 1 on the sub-theme Окружающая среда. You begin a sentence about the waste reform, cannot remember the word for landfill, and stop. Show the recovery, move by move.

  1. 01Do not stop; buy time in Russian

    Как бы это сказать… Тут надо различать два момента. Both are legitimate Russian moves, both are substantive rather than filler, and together they buy about five seconds. What you must not do is stop, switch to English, or say the English word with a Russian accent. The recording is the assessment, and a silence of four seconds is audible in a way that a Russian hesitation marker is not.

  2. 02Paraphrase around the missing word

    You wanted свалка. If it will not come, describe it: то место, куда вывозят мусор. This is not a defeat; circumlocution is a genuine communicative skill and the specification's own AO1 descriptors reward sustaining communication. A candidate who paraphrases fluently demonstrates more control than one who produces the noun and then stalls on the verb after it.

  3. 03Rebuild the sentence around a structure you control

    Начиная с 2019 года мусор в России собирают по-новому: этим занимаются региональные операторы. You have replaced the sentence you could not finish with one you can. Начиная с plus the genitive is a fixed phrase built on a gerund. Собирают and занимаются are both impersonal or reflexive and both avoid needing the missing noun at all.

  4. 04Recover the point you were making, not the sentence you lost

    Но главное не в том, кто вывозит мусор, а в том, что рядом с городами появляются полигоны, и жители против. The missing word has now arrived in a synonym, полигон, which is in fact the more official term. Notice that the argument was never dependent on the word: не в том … , а в том … relocated the point and carried the answer forward regardless.

  5. 05Close the episode by handing over

    А у вас, в Британии, спорят из-за таких мест? Ending a recovered passage with a question does three things: it earns an interaction mark, it moves the discussion on before the examiner can probe the wobble, and it gives you ten seconds to breathe while they answer. Спорить из-за takes the genitive. The whole recovery has taken about twenty-five seconds and, on the recording, sounds like a candidate thinking rather than a candidate failing.

Result: Как бы это сказать… Тут надо различать два момента. Начиная с 2019 года мусор в России собирают по-новому: этим занимаются региональные операторы. Но главное не в том, кто вывозит мусор, а в том, что рядом с городами появляются полигоны, и жители против. А у вас, в Британии, спорят из-за таких мест?

Exam focus

  • Rehearse the five-move cycle — concede, evidence, explain, evaluate, ask — and run it three times on different evidence (AO1 and AO4).
  • Learn twenty connectives as a block; they buy thinking time and read as fluency (AO3).
  • Speak ten per cent more slowly than feels natural, and repair errors aloud; both protect the twelve-mark accuracy grid (AO3).

Typical mistakes

  • Preparing answers rather than a method, and running out of material at three minutes.
  • Filling hesitation with English or with silence rather than with a Russian time-buying move.
  • Attempting a participle or a gerund you cannot reliably form when a который clause would do the job safely.
  • Speeding up under pressure, which degrades exactly the grid that is worth as much as the content grid.

Active revision

Запишите себя на семь минут по одной подтеме, не готовя ответов — только цикл из пяти ходов. Прослушайте запись и отметьте три вещи: сколько раз вы прошли цикл, сколько раз возникла пауза дольше трёх секунд и сколько ошибок вы исправили вслух. Повторите через неделю с другой подтемой и сравните.

Active recall

Recall the key points — then reveal.

Sources: GCE AS and A level subject content for modern foreign languages (Department for Education)

Contents

Section -- / 05

    • 01Как устроен экзамен: the mechanics almost nobody reads◐
    • 02Двенадцать карточек: the complete map of what can come up◐
    • 03Пять минут: what to write on the side of A4, and what not to●
    • 04Взаимодействие: the six marks you cannot earn by answering well●
    • 05Exam technique: sustaining seven minutes without a script●

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From notes into training

Speaking: Paper 3, the stimulus card and the interaction mark

Reinforce this topic with matching tasks from the question bank.

~33
min
4
Competencies
Practise

References & sources

Sources

Pearson Edexcel

  • Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Advanced GCE in Russian (9RU0) specification

Department for Education

  • GCE AS and A level subject content for modern foreign languages

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Reading: Paper 1 Section B, and how to read Russian without a dictionary

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The literary text: Paper 2, the essay, and evidence without quotation

EuraStudy·Notes T·10·MMXXVI

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