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Notes · Drama and TheatreUK · A-Levels

Working Notebook

The Working Notebook is the individual written and illustrated record of the group devising process, and it carries the larger share of the marks in Component 2. This topic explains what the notebook is and is not (an analytical, evaluative record, not a diary), what it must document - research, the practitioner's influence, the development of ideas, and an honest evaluation of the student's own contribution - and, above all, how to write it so that it analyses and evaluates rather than merely describes, which is where its marks are won or lost.

5 sections·~22 min reading time·2 competencies·Level Foundation 1 · Standard 3 · Advanced 1

T·121212 / 15
Exam profile
AO1 · Show the creation and development of ideas across the devising processAO4 · Analyse and evaluate one's own creative process and contribution
Operators:describedocumentanalyseevaluatereflectjustify

basic level

AS-Level expects a record of the devising process that documents the work and reflects on the student's contribution.

higher level

The full A-level requires an analytical, evaluative Working Notebook that tracks the development of ideas, the practitioner's influence, and the student's own effectiveness with precision and honesty.

Depth

Reading depth: In depth

Text

Text size: Standard

Contents · 5 sections▾
  1. Working Notebook
    • 01What the Working Notebook is○
    • 02Documenting research and the practitioner◐
    • 03Recording development and decisions◐
    • 04Analysing and evaluating your contribution◐
    • 05Writing to the assessment criteria●
§ 01

What the Working Notebook is#

●○○FoundationLPAQA 7262 Component 2 (Working Notebook)LPOfqual GCE Drama and Theatre subject content

What the notebook documents

The Working Notebook's contentProbability tree, 4 paths, Data: Research → and how it fed the piece; Practitioner influence → and how it was applied; Development of ideas → tried, kept, changed - and why; Evaluation of contribution → own effectiveness, honestlyResearchPractitioner influenceDevelopment of ideasEvaluation of contributionWorking Notebookand how it fed the pieceand how it was appliedtried, kept, changed − and whyown effectiveness, honestly
Fig. 1The Working Notebook documents research, the practitioner's influence, the development of ideas, and an honest evaluation of the student's own contribution - all analytically, not as a diary.

Key points

The Working Notebook is the individual written and illustrated record each student keeps of their group's devising process, and it is the major written element of Component 2 - typically carrying the larger share of that component's marks. It is 'individual' even though the devising is collaborative: you write your own notebook, from your own perspective, about the shared process and your part in it. It is 'working' because it accompanies the making of the piece, capturing the journey as it happens rather than being written up neatly at the end. And it is illustrated - it can and should use drawings, diagrams, photographs and annotations alongside prose to record and reflect on the work.
The single most important thing to understand about the notebook is what it is NOT: it is not a diary, a plot summary, or a blow-by-blow account of who did what each week. A weak notebook simply narrates events ('then we improvised a scene, then we changed the ending'); a strong notebook analyses and evaluates them ('we improvised the scene to test whether the confrontation could carry the intention; it revealed that the silence was more powerful than the argument, so we cut the dialogue - which sharpened the tension for the audience'). The notebook's marks come overwhelmingly from analysis and evaluation, so its purpose is to think about the process, not merely to report it.
The notebook documents specific things the assessment looks for: the research undertaken and how it fed the piece, the influence of the chosen practitioner and how it was applied, the development of ideas through exploration and refinement (what was tried, kept, changed and why), and an honest analysis and evaluation of the student's own contribution and the piece's effectiveness. It should show the intention throughout - what the group was trying to make the audience think and feel - and judge how far the choices served it. In short, it is a record of a thinking, evaluating process, organised around the intention and the practitioner.
Because it is written alongside the process, the best practice is to keep the notebook continuously, not to reconstruct it at the end. Recording explorations, decisions and reflections as they happen captures the real development of ideas - including the dead ends and changes of direction that show genuine devising - and gives you honest, specific material to analyse. A notebook written from memory afterwards tends to be vague, tidy and descriptive; one kept throughout is specific, truthful and rich in the analysis and evaluation the marks reward. Understanding the notebook as a live, analytical companion to the making is the foundation for writing it well.
Worked example

Turning a diary entry into a notebook entry

A student writes: 'This week we worked on the opening. We tried starting with a monologue but decided to start with the movement sequence instead.' How should this be rewritten for the Working Notebook?

  1. 01Identify what is missing

    The entry narrates a decision but gives no reasoning, no intention and no evaluation - it is a diary line, so it earns few marks as it stands.

  2. 02Add the intention

    State what the opening needed to do: we wanted to grip the audience immediately and establish the physical style, so the opening had to signal both tension and our movement-led approach.

  3. 03Analyse the options tried

    Explain why each option was tested and what it revealed: the monologue gave information but slowed the start and felt naturalistic, against our style; the movement sequence created immediate tension and announced the physical language of the piece.

  4. 04Evaluate the choice

    Judge the decision by its effect: starting with movement was more effective because it hooked the audience and set up the style, though we noted it risked confusing them about the situation, which we addressed later - an honest evaluation.

Result: The diary line becomes an analytical, evaluative notebook entry - intention, reasoning and judgement of effect - demonstrating exactly the kind of writing the notebook rewards.

Exam focus

  • Understand the Working Notebook as an individual, illustrated, analytical/evaluative record of the group devising process - the major written element of Component 2.
  • Know that its marks come from analysis and evaluation, not from describing or narrating events like a diary.

Typical mistakes

  • Writing the notebook as a diary or plot summary that narrates events without analysing or evaluating them.
  • Reconstructing the notebook from memory at the end, producing a vague, tidy, descriptive account instead of a specific, honest one.

Active revision

Take one thing your group did in a session and write about it twice - once as a diary entry (what happened) and once as a notebook entry (why you did it, what it revealed, how effective it was) - and note the difference.

Active recall

Recall the key points — then reveal.

Sources: AQA AS and A-level Drama and Theatre (7261 / 7262) specification (AQA)

§ 02

Documenting research and the practitioner#

●●○StandardLPAQA 7262 Component 2 (documenting research)LPOfqual GCE Drama and Theatre subject content

From research and practitioner to creative decisions

Documenting the inputs analyticallyGraph, Research finding → A specific creative decision, Practitioner's method → A specific creative decision, A specific creative decision → Its effect on the piece, Its effect on the piece → Analysed in the notebookResearch findingPractitioner'smethodA specificcreativedecisionIts effect onthe pieceAnalysed in thenotebook
Fig. 2The notebook earns its marks by connecting research and the practitioner's method to specific creative decisions - showing knowledge in action.

Key points

The notebook should record the research that fed the piece and, crucially, show how it fed the piece - not just that it was done. Listing sources or summarising facts is description; the marks come from connecting research to creative decisions. If the group researched the real event behind the stimulus, the notebook should show how a specific finding shaped a scene, a character or an image - 'learning that the families waited for news for days led us to build the whole piece around waiting, and to the recurring image of the unanswered phone'. Research documented this way demonstrates that the piece is informed and grounded, and shows the movement from knowledge to creation the component values.
The notebook must document the influence of the chosen practitioner in the same analytical way - showing understanding of the method and how the group applied it. This means explaining, with specific examples, what the practitioner's approach is, why the group chose it, and how it shaped the exploration, structure, performance and design of the piece. A strong entry might record how the group used gestus in rehearsal to find each character's social attitude, and how that changed a particular moment; a weak entry merely states 'we were influenced by Brecht'. The practitioner thread should run through the notebook, since the influence runs through the whole process.
Illustration is a real strength of the notebook here, and should be used deliberately. Photographs of key moments, annotated sketches of staging or design ideas, diagrams of the piece's structure, images from research - all can carry information and reflection more efficiently than prose, provided they are annotated to show their significance. An unannotated photograph is decoration; a photograph captioned with what it shows, why the choice was made and how effective it was becomes evidence and analysis. Using visuals well lets the notebook record the visual, physical nature of theatre and keeps it lively and specific.
Throughout, the research and practitioner sections should stay tied to the piece and the intention rather than becoming a general essay. It is easy to slip into writing a biography of the practitioner or a report on the researched topic; but the notebook is about the making of this piece, so every fact and every point about the practitioner should earn its place by connecting to a creative decision. The discipline is to keep asking 'how did this shape what we made, and how well did it work?' - so that research and practitioner knowledge are always shown in action, informing and improving the devised work.
Worked example

Documenting the practitioner analytically

Your group used Boal's forum-theatre ideas while devising a piece about workplace bullying. How should the notebook document this, rather than just naming Boal?

  1. 01Explain the method briefly

    State accurately what you used: Boal's forum theatre presents an unresolved problem and invites the audience (spect-actors) to intervene and try solutions, aiming to rehearse change - a participatory, political method.

  2. 02Show why it suited the piece

    Explain the fit: because the piece was about a social problem you wanted the audience to engage with actively, Boal's participatory approach matched the intention of provoking thought and agency.

  3. 03Show how it shaped decisions

    Give specific applications: you structured a key scene to stop at the moment of injustice and invite intervention, and used image theatre in rehearsal to explore the power dynamics before scripting them.

  4. 04Evaluate the effect

    Judge how well it worked: the forum structure made the audience complicit and thoughtful, though you note that managing intervention live was risky, and reflect on how you prepared for it - honest analysis, not a claim.

Result: The notebook documents Boal by explaining the method, its fit, its specific application and its evaluated effect - the analytical treatment that turns naming a practitioner into evidence of genuine, understood influence.

Exam focus

  • Document research and the practitioner analytically - showing how each shaped specific creative decisions, not just that it was done.
  • Use annotated illustration (photographs, sketches, diagrams) as evidence and analysis, and keep everything tied to the piece and intention.

Typical mistakes

  • Listing research or writing a practitioner biography without connecting either to the group's creative decisions.
  • Including unannotated photographs or images as decoration rather than as annotated evidence of choices and their effects.

Active revision

Take one research finding and one aspect of your practitioner's method and write, for each, a sentence showing how it changed a specific decision in your piece.

Active recall

Recall the key points — then reveal.

Sources: Ofqual - GCE AS and A level qualifications (Ofqual)

§ 03

Recording development and decisions#

●●○StandardLPAQA 7262 Component 2 (development of ideas)LPOfqual GCE Drama and Theatre subject content

The shape of a good development entry

Recording a decisionGraph, Intention / problem → Options explored, Options explored → Decision made, Decision made → Reason (why), Reason (why) → Evaluated effectIntention /problemOptions exploredDecision madeReason (why)Evaluated effect
Fig. 3A strong development entry follows a thinking pattern - intention, options, decision, reason and evaluated effect - which naturally produces analytical writing.

Key points

The heart of the notebook is the record of how the piece developed - how ideas were generated, tried, kept, changed or cut, and why. This is where the assessment sees the creation and development of ideas (AO1) and the evaluation that drove them (AO4). The notebook should trace the real journey of the material: an idea's origin, how it was explored, what the exploration revealed, the decision that followed, and how the idea then evolved. Crucially, it should include the changes and the dead ends - the abandoned scenes, the reworked endings, the ideas that failed - because these show genuine, iterative devising and give you rich material to analyse.
Recording decisions well means always giving the reasoning and the intention behind them, not just the outcome. Every significant choice - to structure the piece episodically, to cut a character, to change the ending, to add a movement motif - should be recorded with the problem it solved or the effect it sought. 'We changed the ending' is worthless; 'the first ending resolved everything neatly, which undercut our intention to leave the audience unsettled, so we replaced it with an unresolved image that returned to the opening' shows a thinking process. The pattern to repeat is problem or intention, options considered, decision, and reason - which naturally produces analytical writing.
The notebook should also record the collaboration honestly - how the group worked together, how disagreements were resolved, and how the student contributed to and was shaped by the shared process. Because the notebook is individual, it should be clear about your own role in each development: what you proposed, explored, questioned or refined, and how your contribution interacted with others'. This is not boasting or blaming but honest reflection on a collaborative process, and it lays the ground for the evaluation of your own contribution that the next section addresses. Showing your specific part in the piece's development is essential, since the notebook is assessed individually.
Keeping this record continuously and specifically is what makes it valuable. Vague, generalised accounts ('we worked hard on the middle section') carry no marks; specific, dated, concrete records of particular explorations and decisions do. The notebook should be full of real detail - the exact idea that changed a scene, the exploration that revealed a problem, the moment a motif emerged - because analysis needs specifics to work on. A notebook that captures the genuine, messy, iterative development of the piece, decision by reasoned decision, gives you everything you need to analyse and evaluate, and demonstrates the developing ideas the component rewards.
Worked example

Recording a change of direction

Halfway through, your group abandoned a whole sub-plot. How do you record this in the notebook so it earns marks rather than looking like failure?

  1. 01State the original intention

    Record why the sub-plot existed: it was meant to add a second perspective on the theme, giving the piece breadth.

  2. 02Analyse what exploration revealed

    Explain what testing it showed: in run-throughs the sub-plot diluted the focus and slowed the pace, and the audience feedback lost the main thread - a specific, evidenced problem.

  3. 03Justify the decision

    Give the reasoning for cutting it: sacrificing breadth for focus better served the intention of a tight, intense piece, so removing the sub-plot strengthened the whole even though it lost material.

  4. 04Evaluate the outcome

    Judge the result honestly: the cut sharpened the piece and clarified the theme, and reflect on what the episode taught you about serving the intention over attachment to material - turning a 'failure' into analysis.

Result: The abandoned sub-plot becomes strong notebook material - intention, evidenced problem, justified decision and honest evaluation - showing that recording dead ends analytically is exactly what earns marks.

Exam focus

  • Record the real development of the piece - ideas tried, kept, changed and cut - always with the reasoning and intention behind each decision.
  • Record collaboration and your own specific contribution honestly, with concrete detail rather than vague generalisation.

Typical mistakes

  • Recording only the final decisions and outcomes, omitting the dead ends and changes that show genuine, iterative devising.
  • Writing vaguely about 'working hard' instead of capturing specific explorations, decisions and reasoning.

Active revision

Pick one decision your group made and write it up in the pattern: the problem or intention, the options considered, the decision, and the reason - keeping it specific.

Active recall

Recall the key points — then reveal.

Sources: AQA AS and A-level Drama and Theatre (7261 / 7262) specification (AQA)

§ 04

Analysing and evaluating your contribution#

●●○StandardLPAQA 7262 Component 2 (evaluation of own contribution)LPOfqual GCE Drama and Theatre subject content

Description, analysis, evaluation

Three levels of writingProbability tree, 3 paths, Data: Description → what you did (low marks); Analysis → how + why it worked; Evaluation → how effective - and what to changeDescriptionAnalysisEvaluationWriting about your workwhat you did (low marks)how + why it workedhow effective − and what to change
Fig. 4The notebook's marks climb from description to analysis to evaluation - saying what you did, then how and why it worked, then how effective it was.

Key points

A central purpose of the notebook is to analyse and evaluate your own contribution to the piece and the piece's effectiveness (AO4), and this is where the highest marks live. Analysis means explaining how and why your choices worked; evaluation means judging how effective they were. The distinction is vital: description says what you did, analysis says how it functioned and why, and evaluation judges how well it succeeded against the intention. A student who only describes their contribution caps their marks; one who analyses and evaluates it - honestly and specifically - reaches the top of the range. Building this analytical, evaluative habit is the single most important notebook skill.
Evaluating your own contribution requires honesty, including about weaknesses. The notebook is not a place to claim everything went perfectly; genuine evaluation identifies what worked, what did not, and what you would do differently, and this honesty is rewarded, not penalised. Reflecting that a performance choice you made was less effective than intended, explaining why, and saying how you would improve it shows exactly the self-aware, critical intelligence the assessment values. Honest self-evaluation is more convincing and more creditable than uniform self-praise, and it demonstrates that you can judge theatre - your own included - with real critical standards.
Evaluation should always be measured against the intention and the effect on the audience. The question is not 'did I work hard?' but 'did my contribution achieve what it was meant to achieve for the audience?'. If your intention was to make the audience feel a character's isolation, you evaluate your performance and design choices by how well they created that feeling, citing evidence - audience feedback, the response in performance, your own critical judgement. Anchoring evaluation in the intended audience effect keeps it concrete and analytical rather than vague and self-referential, and connects your individual work to the shared purpose of the piece.
Because the notebook is individual, your contribution should be evaluated within the collaboration, honestly acknowledging how your work related to others'. You can and should credit the group and describe joint decisions, while being clear and specific about your own part - what you brought, how it developed, how effective it was, and how you responded to the group's needs. This balanced, honest, evaluative reflection - specific about your contribution, measured against the intention, and integrated with the collaboration - is the culmination of the notebook and the clearest demonstration of the reflective, self-critical understanding (AO4) that Component 2 rewards.
Worked example

Evaluating a performance choice honestly

In your devised piece you chose to play a grieving character with almost no movement and a flat voice. Write an evaluation of this choice for the notebook.

  1. 01State the intention

    Explain the aim: the stillness and flat voice were meant to convey the numbness of grief and to contrast with the more physical scenes around it, making the audience feel the character's emptiness.

  2. 02Analyse how it worked

    Explain the mechanism: the restraint drew the audience in and made small movements read as significant, and the contrast with the surrounding physicality heightened the sense of a person shut down by loss.

  3. 03Evaluate the effect with evidence

    Judge the effectiveness: in performance the stillness held the audience in early scenes, but feedback suggested the flat voice became monotonous over a long scene and lost some engagement - a mixed result, honestly reported.

  4. 04Say what you would change

    Propose an improvement: I would keep the physical stillness but introduce more vocal variation - moments where the flatness cracks - to sustain engagement while preserving the numbness, showing reflective learning.

Result: The performance choice is genuinely evaluated - intention, mechanism, honest judgement with evidence, and an improvement - the self-aware, critical reflection (AO4) that reaches the top of the notebook's marks.

Exam focus

  • Analyse and evaluate your own contribution and the piece's effectiveness against the intention and audience effect - not just describe it.
  • Evaluate honestly, including weaknesses and what you would change, within the context of the collaboration.

Typical mistakes

  • Describing your contribution ('I played the mother, I helped devise') instead of analysing and evaluating how effective it was and why.
  • Claiming everything succeeded, avoiding the honest evaluation of weaknesses that the highest marks reward.

Active revision

Take one contribution you made to a piece and write an evaluation of it: what you intended, how effective it was for the audience, the evidence, and one thing you would change.

Active recall

Recall the key points — then reveal.

Sources: Ofqual - GCE AS and A level qualifications (Ofqual)

§ 05

Writing to the assessment criteria#

●●●AdvancedLPAQA 7262 Component 2 (notebook assessment)LPOfqual GCE Drama and Theatre subject content

What a top-band notebook does

Qualities of a strong notebookProbability tree, 4 paths, Data: Analytical + evaluative → not descriptive; Specific + concrete → real detail to analyse; Honest → strengths and weaknesses; Clearly individual → your own contribution shownAnalytical + evaluativeSpecific + concreteHonestClearly individualA top-band notebooknot descriptivereal detail to analysestrengths and weaknessesyour own contribution shown
Fig. 5A top-band notebook is analytical and evaluative, specific and concrete, honest about strengths and weaknesses, and clear about the individual's contribution.

Key points

Writing a strong Working Notebook means consciously writing toward what the assessment criteria reward - which, above all, is analysis and evaluation of the development of ideas and of your own contribution, all tied to a clear intention. Everything in the earlier sections serves this: documenting research and the practitioner analytically, recording development with reasoning, and evaluating your contribution honestly. The overarching discipline is to make sure every entry does more than report - that it explains, reasons, judges, and connects to the intended effect on the audience. Reading back over a draft and marking which sentences merely describe and which analyse or evaluate is a powerful way to raise a notebook's level.
Specificity is the quality that makes analysis possible, so the notebook should be concrete throughout. Vague, generalised writing cannot be analytical, because there is nothing precise to analyse; specific writing - a particular moment, a particular choice, a particular effect - can be. The strongest notebooks are full of real detail: the exact change made to a scene and why, the precise effect a design choice had, the specific audience response to a moment. This specificity also makes the notebook individual and credible, showing it grew from a real process rather than from generalities that could apply to any piece.
The notebook must also clearly show YOUR individual contribution, because it is assessed individually even though the work is collaborative. Throughout, you should make clear what you personally proposed, explored, decided and performed or designed, and evaluate your own effectiveness - not hide behind an undifferentiated 'we'. This does not mean diminishing the group; it means being honest and specific about your part within it. A notebook that never distinguishes the writer's contribution from the group's makes it impossible for an assessor to credit the individual, so clarity about your own role is essential to the marks.
Finally, use the notebook's illustrated, flexible form to communicate efficiently and keep the writing focused. Annotated images, diagrams and concise analytical prose together can convey the process vividly within the notebook's limits, and a clear structure - organised around the stages of the process or the key decisions - helps the assessor follow your thinking. The goal is a notebook that is specific, analytical, evaluative, honest and clearly individual: a genuine record of a thinking, devising process that demonstrates the creation and development of ideas (AO1) and the analysis and evaluation of your own work (AO4) that Component 2 exists to reward.
Worked example

Raising a notebook page toward the criteria

A notebook page reads: 'We wanted the piece to be powerful. We used lots of Brechtian techniques. Everyone worked well together and the performance went well.' How do you raise it toward the criteria?

  1. 01Diagnose against the criteria

    The page is vague, descriptive, undifferentiated and unevaluated - 'powerful', 'lots of techniques', 'went well' name nothing specific and analyse nothing, so it sits at the bottom of the range.

  2. 02Make it specific

    Replace generalities with concrete detail: name the intended effect (to make the audience judge a specific injustice), the exact Brechtian technique used (a particular gestus, a specific direct-address moment), and the actual audience response.

  3. 03Add analysis and evaluation

    Explain how the chosen technique created the intended effect and judge how well it worked, with evidence - including anything that fell short and why.

  4. 04Show the individual

    Distinguish your own contribution: what you specifically proposed or performed, how effective it was, and how it fit the group's work - so the assessor can credit you.

Result: The vague page becomes specific, analytical, evaluative and individual - exactly the transformation the assessment criteria reward, showing how conscious writing toward the criteria lifts a notebook's marks.

Exam focus

  • Write consciously toward the criteria: prioritise analysis and evaluation tied to intention, with concrete specificity throughout.
  • Make your individual contribution clear and use the illustrated, structured form to communicate efficiently.

Typical mistakes

  • Producing a notebook that is descriptive, vague and undifferentiated ('we did...'), so it cannot reach the analytical, evaluative, individual standard the criteria reward.
  • Neglecting structure and annotation, so the assessor cannot follow the thinking or credit the individual.

Active revision

Take a page of your notebook draft and colour-code each sentence as description, analysis or evaluation; then rewrite the descriptive sentences to analyse or evaluate, and check your own contribution is clear.

Active recall

Recall the key points — then reveal.

Sources: AQA AS and A-level Drama and Theatre (7261 / 7262) specification (AQA)

Contents

Section -- / 05

    • 01What the Working Notebook is○
    • 02Documenting research and the practitioner◐
    • 03Recording development and decisions◐
    • 04Analysing and evaluating your contribution◐
    • 05Writing to the assessment criteria●

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Working Notebook

Reinforce this topic with matching tasks from the question bank.

~22
min
2
Competencies
Practise

References & sources

Sources

AQA

  • AQA AS and A-level Drama and Theatre (7261 / 7262) specification

Ofqual

  • Ofqual - GCE AS and A level qualifications

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