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Panjabi

A-Level Panjabi in England is an AQA qualification, specification 7682, version 1.0 dated 14 December 2017, for teaching from September 2018 and first examined in June 2020, Ofqual qualification accreditation number 603/2791/1, graded on the six-point scale A* to E. The qualification announces its own most important structural fact in its title: it is called A-level Panjabi (Listening, Reading, Writing), and there is no speaking assessment anywhere in it - no oral, no stimulus card, no presentation, no spoken defence of the research project. There are three written papers. Paper 1, Reading and writing, runs for 2 hours 30 minutes, carries 85 raw marks and is worth 42.5 per cent of the A-level: reading and responding to four stimulus texts for 35 marks, a translation from Panjabi into English of a passage of at least 100 words for 10 marks, and a 40-mark essay of approximately 300 words on the individual research project, written in Panjabi in answer to an unseen question about an unseen Panjabi source. Paper 2, Writing, runs for 2 hours, carries 80 marks and is worth 20 per cent: two essays in Panjabi of approximately 300 words each on the two works studied, either one text and one film or two texts, with a choice of two questions on each work. Paper 3, Listening, reading and writing, runs for 2 hours 30 minutes, carries 75 marks and is worth 37.5 per cent: listening and responding for 35 marks from studio recordings over which each student has individual control, a translation from English into Panjabi of a passage of at least 100 words for 10 marks, and a 30-mark multi-skill task of about 200 words drawing on a heard source and a written source together. Raw marks are scaled - Paper 1 doubled to 170, Paper 2 unchanged at 80, Paper 3 doubled to 150 - for a total scaled mark of 400. The subject content is four themes in two pairs, each theme with two sub-themes and each sub-theme with exactly three bullet aspects, and the specification requires every one of them to be studied in relation to the Punjab. Aspects of Panjabi-speaking society: past and current trends covers Youth culture and The evolution of the digital world; Aspects of Panjabi-speaking society: past and current issues covers Educational diversity and social mobility and Impact of migration on the Punjab; Artistic culture in the Panjabi-speaking world past and present covers Festivals and traditions and Cultural life in the Punjab; and Aspects of political life in the Panjabi-speaking world past and present covers Politics in the Punjab and Politics and young people. Alongside the themes sit a prescribed grammar list, the prescribed works - three texts and two films - and an individual research project chosen from four published topics, all of whose bullet points the student must cover. Assessment objectives are weighted 20 per cent AO1, 30 per cent AO2, 30 per cent AO3 and 20 per cent AO4; across AO1 and AO2 together no more than 10 per cent of the qualification's marks may be earned by responses in English, including the translation into English. The qualification is linear, all exams are taken in a single series at the end of the course, all materials are available in English only, and no dictionary is permitted in any paper.

0/65 Texts13 Chapters~413 min total

Continue reading — Chapter I Table of contents

AQA 7682 - 3.1.1.1 Sub-theme: Youth culture - Fashion and trendsAQA 7682 - 3.1.1.1 Sub-theme: Youth culture - The role of celebrityAQA 7682 - 3.1.1.1 Sub-theme: Youth culture - Traditional versus modern valuesAQA 7682 - 3.1.1.2 Sub-theme: The evolution of the digital world - The internet in daily lifeAQA 7682 - 3.1.1.2 Sub-theme: The evolution of the digital world - The digitalisation of Panjabi societyAQA 7682 - 3.1.1.2 Sub-theme: The evolution of the digital world - Social media, benefits and dangers+60 moreFoundationStandardAdvanced

Table of contents · 13 ChaptersT·13

Ch. Iਨੌਜਵਾਨ ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰ ਤੇ ਡਿਜੀਟਲ ਦੁਨੀਆ: youth culture and the evolution of the digital world5 texts · 0 read

Ch. IIਵਿੱਦਿਅਕ ਵੰਨ-ਸੁਵੰਨਤਾ, ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਤਰੱਕੀ ਤੇ ਪਰਵਾਸ: diversity, mobility and migration5 texts · 0 read

Ch. IIIਤਿਉਹਾਰ ਤੇ ਰਵਾਇਤਾਂ: festivals and traditions5 texts · 0 read

Ch. IVਪੰਜਾਬ ਦਾ ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰਕ ਜੀਵਨ: music, television and cinema5 texts · 0 read

Ch. Vਪੰਜਾਬ ਦੀ ਸਿਆਸਤ: parties, elections, demonstrations and strikes5 texts · 0 read

Ch. VIਸਿਆਸਤ ਤੇ ਨੌਜਵਾਨ: politics and young people5 texts · 0 read

Ch. VIIਵਿਆਕਰਨ ਤੇ ਅਨੁਵਾਦ: the prescribed grammar and the two translations5 texts · 0 read

Ch. VIIIਸੁਣਨ ਦੀ ਸਮਝ: Paper 3 and the method individual control makes possible5 texts · 0 read

Ch. IXਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਦੀ ਸਮਝ: Paper 1's reading half, the four texts and the lifting rule5 texts · 0 read

Ch. Xਬੋਲਣਾ ਤੇ ਬਹਿਸ: spoken Panjabi in a qualification that does not examine speaking5 texts · 0 read

Ch. XIਨਿਰਧਾਰਿਤ ਸਾਹਿਤਕ ਰਚਨਾ: the prescribed texts and the Paper 2 essay5 texts · 0 read

Ch. XIIਨਿਰਧਾਰਿਤ ਫ਼ਿਲਮ: the prescribed films and the language of film technique5 texts · 0 read

Ch. XIIIਨਿੱਜੀ ਖੋਜ ਪ੍ਰਾਜੈਕਟ: the four research topics and the 40-mark essay5 texts · 0 read

Instrument · 01Recommended study order

Instrument · 02Exam structure

Paper 1 - Reading and writing (7682/1): Written exam of 2 hours 30 minutes, 85 raw marks scaled by two to 170, 42.5 per cent of the A-level and therefore the largest single component. Three compulsory parts. Reading and responding, 35 marks: four stimulus texts adapted as necessary from a range of authentic sources including online sources, which may be contemporary or historical and may be non-fiction, literary fiction or material based on literature. The content of the stimulus texts is drawn from the specification's themes and sub-themes, except for literary texts, whose content may legitimately fall outside them. Questions target main points, gist and detail, require inference, and include abstract material such as opinions, views, emotional reactions and personal experiences; all questions are set in Panjabi and are answered either non-verbally or in Panjabi. One of them is a summary question, for which the student must write in full sentences and use their own words as far as possible, and for which the content mark (AO2) and the language mark (AO3) are awarded independently. Translation into English, 10 marks: an unseen passage of a minimum of 100 words whose content is based on the themes and sub-themes. Individual research project, 40 marks: the student reads an unseen Panjabi source on one of the four published research topics and answers an unseen question on it in Panjabi, in approximately 300 words, using information from the source linked to the knowledge gained from their own individual research, to produce an evaluative response. Everything the student writes is marked and there is no word limit, but a student who writes about the recommended length has access to the full range of marks. No dictionary, no notes and no research materials in the exam room. This is the paper the research project lives on, and the specification says so in as many words: the research project essay is on Paper 1.
Paper 2 - Writing (7682/2): Written exam of 2 hours, 80 marks with no scaling, 20 per cent of the A-level. The student writes one essay in Panjabi on each of the two works studied - either one book and one film, or two books, taken from the lists printed in section 3.4 of the specification - with a choice of two questions on each work. Answering on two films is not an available route, because the specification permits only one text and one film or two texts. Approximately 300 words per essay is advised; everything written is marked, there is no word limit, and a student who writes about the recommended length has access to the full range of marks. Every question requires a critical appreciation of the concepts and issues covered in the work and a critical and analytical response to features such as the form and the technique of presentation as appropriate to the work studied - the specification's own two examples are the effect of narrative voice in a prose text and camera work in a film. No access to the books or the films during the exam, and no dictionary. Paper 2 is the only paper carrying no AO1 and no AO2 at all: its 20 per cent of the qualification splits evenly, 10 per cent AO3 for quality of language and 10 per cent AO4 for the critical and analytical response.
Paper 3 - Listening, reading and writing (7682/3): Written exam of 2 hours 30 minutes, 75 raw marks scaled by two to 150, 37.5 per cent of the A-level. Three parts. Listening and responding, 35 marks: spoken passages from a range of contexts and sources covering different registers and types, with content based on the specification's themes and sub-themes, at least one passage involving more than one speaker. Passages are studio recorded, the recordings are provided to schools and colleges, and each student has individual control of the recording - which turns the section from a test of instant comprehension into a test of method. Questions target main points, gist and detail, require inference and include abstract material; they are set in Panjabi and answered non-verbally or in Panjabi, and in the questions that are not the summary the student should give only the information the question asks for. One question is a summary in Panjabi, written in full sentences and in the student's own words as far as possible, with the content mark (AO1) and the language mark (AO3) awarded independently. Translation into Panjabi, 10 marks: an unseen passage of a minimum of 100 words from English into Panjabi, with content based on the themes and sub-themes. Multi-skill task, 30 marks: a listening passage and a written source are set on one of the themes, and the student listens, reads and then answers an unseen Panjabi essay question in approximately 200 words, referring to information in both sources; the response requires analysis, evaluation, personal reaction and the drawing of a conclusion.
Themes, grammar, works, the research topic and the rules that catch people out: Four themes, each with two sub-themes, each sub-theme with exactly three bullet aspects, all to be studied in relation to the Punjab and all using a range of sources including material from online media. Aspects of Panjabi-speaking society: past and current trends contains Youth culture (fashion and trends; the role of celebrity; traditional versus modern values) and The evolution of the digital world (the internet in daily life; social media - benefits and dangers; the digitalisation of Panjabi society). Aspects of Panjabi-speaking society: past and current issues contains Educational diversity and social mobility (ethnic minorities and social mobility; education and career choices; tolerance and respect) and Impact of migration on the Punjab (reasons for migration; advantages and disadvantages for the Punjab; changing attitudes to migration and settlement). Artistic culture in the Panjabi-speaking world past and present contains Festivals and traditions (roots and origins; social and economic impact; regional and local heritage) and Cultural life in the Punjab (music; television; cinema). Aspects of political life in the Panjabi-speaking world past and present contains Politics in the Punjab (political parties; the electoral process; demonstrations and strikes) and Politics and young people (young people and their engagement with politics; priorities for youth politics; values and ideals). Section 3.3 sets out the grammar in eleven headed lists - articles; nouns; pronouns; adjectives; adverbs; verbs; prepositions; conjunctions; numbers; quantity and expressions of time; and syntax - with indicative examples in parentheses that the specification itself says are illustrative and not exhaustive. Section 3.4 prints the works: three texts, Boota Singh Shaad's Noori, Gurmel Singh Bainiwal's Ristian de Rang and Mohan Singh's Savee Pattar, and two films, Manmohan Singh's Asa Nu Maan Watna Da of 2004 and Anurag Singh's Jatt and Juliet 2 of 2013. Prescribed lists are set by the board and can be revised between issues of a specification, so every candidate must confirm the list current for their own exam series. Section 3.5 publishes four research topics - The role of women in Panjabi society, Social issues in the Punjab, Tourism in the Punjab, and Partition of the Punjab in 1947 - of which the student chooses one and must cover all of its bullet points. To prepare, the student must select relevant information in Panjabi from a range of sources including the internet; the stated aim is to develop research skills, and the findings are analysed and summarised in the research project essay on Paper 1. Assessment objectives: AO1, understand and respond in writing to spoken language, 20 per cent; AO2, understand and respond in writing to written language, 30 per cent; AO3, manipulate the language accurately in written form using a range of lexis and structure, 30 per cent; AO4, show knowledge and understanding of, and respond critically and analytically to, aspects of the culture and society of countries and communities where the language is spoken, 20 per cent. Across AO1 and AO2 together, no more than 10 per cent of the qualification's marks may be used for responses in English, including translation into English - which is exactly why the Panjabi-into-English translation is only 10 of Paper 1's 85 marks.
Two silences in the specification, and how these notes fill them: The specification is silent on two questions that a Panjabi course cannot avoid, and pretending otherwise would mislead you, so both are answered openly here and repeated where they matter. FIRST, WHICH PUNJAB. The specification says the Punjab throughout, and in its whole length it does not use the word Pakistan once, nor the word India, nor the word Sikh. But the historic Punjab was divided in 1947, Panjabi is spoken by more people in the Pakistani province of Punjab than in the Indian state of Punjab, and the specification's own fourth research topic is the Partition of the Punjab in 1947, which is inherently about both sides of the line. These notes therefore treat Indian Punjab, Pakistani Punjab and the Panjabi-speaking diaspora as three distinct things, and every institutional claim - about parties, elections, administration, law, schooling or broadcasting - names which of them it describes, because the answers differ completely. Where the specification's own wording is the point, its wording is quoted as it stands. SECOND, WHICH SCRIPT. The specification never names a script. It does, however, print all of its own Panjabi examples in section 3.3 in Gurmukhi, which is the conventional script of AQA Panjabi and the script of Panjabi in Indian Punjab. Panjabi is also written in Shahmukhi, a Perso-Arabic script, in Pakistani Punjab, where it is the ordinary written form of the language for the largest Panjabi-speaking population in the world. These notes are written in Gurmukhi throughout, state that as a declared policy rather than an assumption, and teach the Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi divide as a real and consequential fact about the language rather than ignoring it; Shahmukhi is named and described but not printed, because a candidate writing an answer must write in one script and the script AQA's own examples use is Gurmukhi. THE CONVENTIONS THESE NOTES FOLLOW. Every Panjabi string here is stored in Unicode Normalisation Form C, which for Gurmukhi has a consequence that surprises people: the nukta letters - the sibilant of Shri, and the four Perso-Arabic sounds plus the retroflex lateral - are Unicode composition exclusions, so their canonical form is base letter plus the nukta sign, two code points and not one; the retroflex flap RRA is the exception and stays a single code point. No zero-width joiner or non-joiner appears anywhere. Sentences end with the dand rather than a full stop. Numerals follow one rule: a Panjabi sentence uses Gurmukhi digits, English explanatory prose uses Western digits, and the two are never welded together. Transliteration into roman letters is given wherever it helps you produce the word rather than merely recognise it, and it follows one consistent scheme, marking long vowels, nasalisation and the retroflex series, so that a word you meet in these notes can be said aloud as well as read. Spelling follows the modern standard written Panjabi of Indian Punjab, which is the register AQA's own examples use; where usage differs across the border or across dialects, both forms are given and labelled rather than one being silently preferred.

Instrument · 03Official sources