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Revision·Revision / N11UK · A-Levels

Design and Technology

A-Level Design and Technology is a design-engineering subject in which students apply knowledge of materials, processes and technical principles to design and make prototypes that solve real problems for real users. It is set against the Department for Education GCE AS and A level subject content for design and technology and delivered here through the AQA Design and Technology: Product Design (7552) specification, anchored on the broad D&T title. The theory (technical principles and designing and making principles) blends a substantial body of knowledge - materials and their properties, manufacturing processes and scales of production, forces and stresses, modern and smart materials, sustainability, ergonomics and anthropometrics, quality and tolerance, health and safety, and the protection of designs - with the iterative design process of exploring, creating and evaluating, and with genuine quantitative work (material and cost calculations, tolerances, mechanical advantage and gear ratios, and simple stress). Above all it rewards students who can justify a design, material or process decision against the needs of a context and evaluate it honestly.

0/77 Texts·18 Chapters·~264 min total

Continue reading — Chapter ITable of contents
LPAQA 7552 3.1.1LPDfE GCE D&T - materials and their applicationsLPAQA 7552 3.3.1LPDfE GCE D&T - timbersLPDfE GCE D&T - metalsLPDfE GCE D&T - polymers+96 more●○○Foundation●●○Standard●●●Advanced
Table of contents · 18 ChaptersT·18
Ch. IMaterials and their applications6 texts · 0 read
  • Papers and boardsText L·01 · Recommended start4 min
  • Timbers: natural and manufacturedText L·024 min
  • Metals: ferrous, non-ferrous and alloysText L·034 min
  • Polymers: thermoplastics and thermosetsText L·044 min
  • Composites and technical textilesText L·054 min
  • Selecting and testing materialsText L·064 min
Ch. IIPerformance characteristics of materials5 texts · 0 read
  • Physical propertiesText L·073 min
  • Mechanical propertiesText L·084 min
  • Forces, stresses and the stress-strain relationshipText L·095 min
  • Modern and smart materialsText L·104 min
  • Biodegradable and sustainable materialsText L·113 min
Ch. IIIEnhancement of materials4 texts · 0 read
  • Alloying and the enhancement of metalsText L·123 min
  • Heat treatment of metalsText L·134 min
  • Enhancing polymers with additivesText L·143 min
  • Enhancing timber: seasoning, lamination and preservationText L·154 min
Ch. IVForming, redistribution, addition processes and finishes5 texts · 0 read
  • Forming and shaping processesText L·164 min
  • Redistribution, wasting and additionText L·173 min
  • Injection moulding and mass polymer processesText L·184 min
  • Joining: adhesives, fixings and jigsText L·194 min
  • Surface finishes and treatmentsText L·204 min
Ch. VModern industrial and commercial practice4 texts · 0 read
  • Scales of productionText L·214 min
  • Choosing a scale and economies of scaleText L·224 min
  • Efficient use of materialsText L·233 min
  • Computer systems, automation and lean manufactureText L·243 min
Ch. VIDigital design and manufacture4 texts · 0 read
  • CAD and virtual modellingText L·253 min
  • CAM and CNC manufactureText L·264 min
  • Rapid prototyping and 3D printingText L·274 min
  • EDI and production planning and controlText L·283 min
Ch. VIIRequirements for product design and development4 texts · 0 read
  • Product development and improvementText L·293 min
  • Inclusive and user-centred designText L·303 min
  • Ergonomics and anthropometricsText L·314 min
  • Mechanical systems and movement in productsText L·325 min
Ch. VIIIDesign communication4 texts · 0 read
  • Freehand sketching and ideationText L·333 min
  • Formal engineering drawingText L·343 min
  • Modelling and prototyping as communicationText L·353 min
  • Presenting to different audiencesText L·363 min
Ch. IXDesign methods and processes5 texts · 0 read
  • The iterative design processText L·373 min
  • Identifying needs, briefs and specificationsText L·384 min
  • ResearchText L·393 min
  • Ideation and developmentText L·403 min
  • Modelling, prototyping, testing and evaluationText L·413 min
Ch. XCritical analysis and evaluation4 texts · 0 read
  • Analysing commercial productsText L·423 min
  • Testing methodsText L·433 min
  • Using third-party feedbackText L·443 min
  • Objective evaluation against the specificationText L·453 min
Ch. XITools, accuracy and project management4 texts · 0 read
  • Selecting tools, equipment and processesText L·463 min
  • Accuracy, precision and toleranceText L·474 min
  • Quality assurance and quality controlText L·483 min
  • Project management and planningText L·494 min
Ch. XIIFeasibility studies and enterprise and marketing4 texts · 0 read
  • Feasibility studiesText L·503 min
  • Costing and break-evenText L·514 min
  • Enterprise and fundingText L·523 min
  • Marketing and bringing a product to marketText L·533 min
Ch. XIIIHealth and safety3 texts · 0 read
  • Safe working practices and risk assessmentText L·544 min
  • Health and safety legislationText L·553 min
  • Safety in products and servicesText L·563 min
Ch. XIVProtecting designs and intellectual property4 texts · 0 read
  • PatentsText L·574 min
  • Registered designs and design rightText L·583 min
  • Trademarks and brandingText L·593 min
  • Copyright and respecting intellectual propertyText L·603 min
Ch. XVDesign for manufacture, maintenance, repair and disposal4 texts · 0 read
  • Design for manufacture and assemblyText L·614 min
  • Design for maintenance and repairText L·623 min
  • Design for disassembly and recyclingText L·633 min
  • The product life cycle and end of lifeText L·644 min
Ch. XVITechnology and cultural change4 texts · 0 read
  • Socio-economic influences on designText L·653 min
  • Technological developments and their impactText L·663 min
  • Ethical and moral issuesText L·673 min
  • The product life cycle and extension strategiesText L·683 min
Ch. XVIIDesign theory and history4 texts · 0 read
  • Design movements: Arts and Crafts to ModernismText L·693 min
  • Art Deco, streamlining and Post-modernismText L·703 min
  • Influential designers and companiesText L·713 min
  • Form, function and styleText L·723 min
Ch. XVIIIResponsible design and standards5 texts · 0 read
  • Environmental issues and impactText L·733 min
  • The 6 Rs and sustainable designText L·744 min
  • Life-cycle assessmentText L·754 min
  • Resource and energy conservationText L·763 min
  • National and international standardsText L·773 min
Reading progress · subject
—Read
0/77
Texts
~264
min total
Recommended start
Materials and their applications · Ch. I
Papers and boards
Text L·01 · 4 min
Read now
Instrument · 01Recommended study order
  1. 1Materials and their applications
  2. 2Performance characteristics of materials
  3. 3Enhancement of materials
  4. 4Forming, redistribution, addition processes and finishes
  5. 5Modern industrial and commercial practice
  6. 6Digital design and manufacture
  7. 7Requirements for product design and development
  8. 8Design communication
  9. 9Design methods and processes
  10. 10Critical analysis and evaluation
  11. 11Tools, accuracy and project management
  12. 12Feasibility studies and enterprise and marketing
  13. 13Health and safety
  14. 14Protecting designs and intellectual property
  15. 15Design for manufacture, maintenance, repair and disposal
  16. 16Technology and cultural change
  17. 17Design theory and history
  18. 18Responsible design and standards
Instrument · 02Exam structure
Paper 1 - Technical principles (AQA 7552/1)
2 hours 30 minutes, 120 marks, 30% of the A-Level. A written paper on the technical principles: materials and their properties and enhancement, forming, redistribution, addition and finishing processes, forces and stresses, modern industrial and commercial practice, digital design and manufacture, health and safety, protecting designs, and design for manufacture and lifecycle. It is a mixture of short-answer questions, some multiple-choice, and extended-response questions, and it carries most of the qualification's quantitative and calculation content (material, cost, tolerance and mechanical calculations). It principally assesses AO4 (knowledge and understanding of technical principles) with some AO3 (analysis and evaluation).
Paper 2 - Designing and making principles (AQA 7552/2)
1 hour 30 minutes, 80 marks, 20% of the A-Level. A written paper in two sections. Section A, Product Analysis, is up to six short-answer questions (30 marks) based on visual stimulus, requiring analysis of unseen commercial products. Section B, Commercial Manufacture, is a mix of short-answer and extended-response questions (50 marks) on design theory, the design process, enterprise and manufacturing. It principally assesses AO3 (analyse and evaluate design decisions, outcomes and wider issues) and AO4 (knowledge and understanding of designing and making principles).
Non-exam assessment (NEA) - the substantial design and make project
Approximately 45 hours, 100 marks, 50% of the A-Level, internally assessed and externally moderated. A single substantial design-and-make project - a portfolio of roughly 45 A3 pages plus a working prototype - responding to a context of the student's choice: identifying and investigating a genuine need, writing a specification, generating and developing ideas, modelling and prototyping, making a final prototype and testing and evaluating it against the specification with third-party feedback. Uniquely, the NEA assesses all four assessment objectives: AO1 (identify, investigate and outline design possibilities), AO2 (design and make prototypes fit for purpose), AO3 (analyse and evaluate) and AO4 (apply knowledge and understanding).
Assessment objectives, the mathematical requirement and grading
The four assessment objectives are weighted across the qualification approximately as follows: AO1 identify, investigate and outline design possibilities (about 14%); AO2 design and make prototypes fit for purpose (about 22%); AO3 analyse and evaluate design decisions, outcomes and wider issues (about 26%); and AO4 demonstrate and apply knowledge and understanding of technical and of designing and making principles (about 38%). A minimum of 15% of the total marks across Paper 1 and Paper 2 assess mathematical skills at Level 2 or above (percentages and percentage change, ratios and scales, areas and volumes, costings and break-even, tolerances, material quantities and waste, and mechanical calculations such as mechanical advantage, velocity ratio and gear ratio). The two written papers are sat at the end of the linear course; with the NEA the qualification is graded A*-E (U below E).
Instrument · 03Official sources
  • GCE AS and A level subject content for design and technologyDepartment for Education
  • AQA A-level Design and Technology: Product Design (7552) specificationAQA

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